Culture of Islam (Second Revised Edition).

1. Pre-Islamic Culture in Arabia: Was the Arab so ignorance?: the culture of the South-9; Arab settlements on the Persian and roman borders; contact with Judaism and Christianity. 2. The Arab Mind before Islam: Assessment of Arab Character; Poetry as history; some moral Values; Stories and parables; Summing up of the Arab Mind. 3. The dawn of Islam; significance of the word Jahiliyyah, Significance of the world Islam, Ideology of Islam, Difference between the values of Jahiliyyah and the values of Islam, did the Pre-Islamic Arab completely shed his old character? 4. Conquests and the cultural consequences: The Theory of War, Prisoners of war and the freedom of Slaves; the influence of Persian and Roman Slaves, the Arab society exposed to Non-Arab influences. 5. Contact with Persian Culture: Religious beliefs of Ancient Persia, Zoroastrianism, Manichaeism; Mazdakism, The Impact of Persian Religion on Islam; The Impact of Persian Literature on Arabic Literature. 6. Contact with Greek culture: Neoplatonism, Syriac literature, Greek Literature. 7. The First Cultural Movement: The Beginning of Literacy, the Need to read of the Qur’an, The Growth of Commentary on the Qur’an, Commentary n the Generation; Following the companions of the prophet, Some leaders of the Early cultural movements, the Contribution of The Non-Arabs. 8. The Historical Movement: circumstances leading to the Need for recording events, The Muslim zest for Collecting the Hadith, Fabrication of Hadith, Reason for Fabrication, The study of Hadith as cultural Factor, the art of Story-telling as an instrument of history. 9. The Growth of Jurisprudence: The Administration of Justice before Islam, The Qur’an as a source of Legislation, The general Evolution of Legislation, the Process of Amendment of Laws, The Sunnah as a source of Legislation, Personal Judgement, (a)the Iraqi School,(b) The Hejazi school,(c) The Middle path, Brief Review. 10. The Philosophicl Movement: Introduction, the Issue of Succession and the Emergence of the Creeds, the Khawarij, the Shi’ah, the Murji’ah the Mu’tazilah. 11. Contemporary Centres of culture: The Hejaz;(a) The school of mecca, (b) the School of Medina, Iraq,(a) The School of Kufah, (b) the School of Basrah, Syria, The School of Damascus, Egypt. 12. Bibliography, Index.

In English

Hbk.